Background Info - creating an IT system. :: Computer Science

Background Info - creating an IT system.BACKGROUND INFO---------------Sir Alex Ferguson is the manager of Manchester United Footb every(prenominal) club.As in any football club airs play a big part. Clubs usuallycontact each former(a) to enquire somewhat the availability of accreditedplayers and to request the transfer prices. beingness Manchester United,one of the best football clubs in the world, several calls arereceived each day about players, since all the players are such highquality. The guidance the system currently works is that all callsregarding transfers are sent to Sir Alex, since all the players arehis and he has to deal with the transfer request, which involves himhaving to contact the other clubs back with transfer prices andanswers about the availability of certain players.PROBLEMSir Alex is tired of other clubs hassling him all the time to find outabout his players and feels he is wasting a kitty of precious timedealing with transfers. He is especially getting annoyed because a lotof transfers are set up and whence broken down. Sir Alex is looking for fora way for the managers of other clubs to find out about his playerswithout continually bothering him so he can concentrate more on thingslike provision and tactics so that Manchester United can try and have asuccessful campaign. This is where I come in into it. Sir Alex Fergusonand the Manchester United board have hired me to come up with a newmore efficient system that would abandon the managers of other clubs tofind out information about the availability of his players and thetransfer prices, which would allow them to make their own decisionsand then they can contact the club when they feel they are certainthey want a certain player. The end users are the managers of otherclubs.POSSIBLE SOLUTIONSSo after discussions with the board and Sir Alex, I come up with a fewpossible solutionsHiring new staff as representatives for the club, to talk to all theother clubs The way this would w ork is Sir Alex would make notesabout which players are available and give a transfer price for eachplayer. New staff would then be hired to operate the telephones andwould all possess a copy of these notes made by Sir Alex. When a clubthen rang to enquire about certain players they would then use thenotes to inform the other club if the player they want is availableand give their transfer price. If a club is totally serious aboutmaking a bud for the player the call will then be transferred to Sir

hindu :: essays research papers

The sixth century B.C., the Hindu religion and the caste system had become away of life in India. They believed that the only way to gain salvation was byobeying caste rules and following complex ritual. The people taught these ritualwere to strict, and did not meet the needs of the common people. So they started tolisten to other religions.Buddhism is a religion founded in India, that share some comparison withHinduism. Buddhism was founded by an Indian prince born about 563 B.C. Hisfather, a wealthy noble, treasured to protect his son from the harsh realites of theworld. But his father couldnt protect him forever, and when he was about 29 yearsold he saw a dying man, a sick man in pain and a religious beggar. After seeingthese things the prince worried, why was so much sorrow in the world. Then whenhe was about 35, Siddhartha Guatama decided to sit under a fig until he foundanswers. He was there for forty-nine days, and that day he saw the reason for lifesuffering and a way to ov ercome them.Gautama started to speak of Four Noble Truths. The first was, sorrow andsuffering are discussion section of life. Second, people suffer because they try to get things theycant have. Next, you had to reach a state of not wanting. The fourth they shouldhave neither besides much nor too little pleasure. Both Hinduism and Buddhism shared some of their beliefs. But there aresome differences. Buddhism placed most importance on integritys life, than i casteand they saw little value in complex rituals. He taught that a person could getenlightenment in one lifetime. As Buddhism spread, disagreements grew up aboutsome of its teachings and beliefs. At first Buddha was saw as a guideline for living. His followers saw him only as a teacher. Then a philosopher named Menius taughtthat the welfare of the people were the main concerns of a ruler. And if that wasntthe rulers main affair, he should be overthrown. Confucius a traveling bureaucratnamed Kung Fu-tzu, was regarded as Chinas greatest thinker and teacher. He wasnot really concern with the soul, the afterlife nor the worship of gods. He was moreconcern with questions of morality. Confucius had five staple relationships. Theyare between ruler and subjects, father and son, husband and wife, older and

Capital Punishment Essay - It’s Time to Turn the Other Cheek :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Capital Punishment Its Time to Turn the Other Cheek         If... he has committed murder, he must die. In this case, there is nosubstitute that lead satisfy the legal requirements of legal justice.There is nosameness of kind between death and remaining alive even under the near miserableconditions, and consequently there is no equality between crime and theretribution unless the criminal is judicially condemned and put to death.Immanuel Kant.         About 2000  men, women, and teenagers currently wait on Americas DeathRow. Their time grows shorter as federal and state courts increasingly ratifydeath penalty laws, allowing executions to proceed at an accelerated rate. Itsunlikely that any of these executions entrust make the front page, having becomemore and more a matter of routine in the last decade. Indeed, recent publicopinion polls evidence a wide margin of support for the death penalty. But humanrights a dvocates continue to decry the im lessonity of state-sanctioned killing inthe U.S., the only western modify country that continues to use thedeath penalty. Is capital penalisation moral?         Capital punishment is often defended on the grounds by the government,that society has a moral obligation to protect the safety and the welfare of itscitizens. Murderers threaten this safety and welfare. Only by putting murderersto death can society ensure that convicted killers do non kill again.         Second, those favoring capital punishment contend that society shouldsupport those practices that will bring about the greatest balance of good overevil, and capital punishment is one such practice. Capital punishment benefitssociety because it may monish violent crime.  While it is difficult to producedirect evidence to support this vociferation since, by definition, those who aredeterred by the death penalty do not co mmit murders, common sense tells us thatthey will die if they perform a certain act, they will be unwilling to performthat act. If the threat of death stays in the hand of a would-be murder, and weabolish the death penalty, we will sacrifice the lives of many innocent victimswhose murders could have been deterred. But if, in fact, the death penalty doesnot deter, and we continue to impose it, we have only sacrificed the lives ofconvicted murderers. Surely it is go for society to take a gamble that thedeath penalty deters in order to protect the lives of innocent people than totake a gamble that it doesnt deter and thereby protect the lives of murderers,while risking the lives of the innocents.         Finally, defenders of capital punishment argue that justice demands that

Challenges to Male Authority in Sophocles’ play, Antigone :: Antigone Essays

Challenges to Male Authority in Sophocles play, AntigoneIn the play Antigone by Sophocles, Creon and Antigone have distinct conflicting values.Antigone first demonstrates feminist logic when she chooses to challenge a powerful maleestablishment. This establishment is personified by her uncle Creon, who is newly crownedas the King of Thebes. Creon poses to be a major authority figure in a patriarchalsociety. Creons regard for the laws of the city causes him to abandon all other beliefs.He feels that all should obey the laws set forth by him, veritable(a) if other beliefs, moral orreligious, state otherwise. Antigone, on the other hand, holds the beliefs of the gods inhigh reverence. She feels that the laws of the gods should be obeyed above all others,especially when in respect to family. The bold, tradition-braking character of Antigoneclearly clashed with the overpowering patriarchal dominance of Creon. This collisionbetween characters gives rise to the conflict between the sexes i n Sophocles Antigone.The denial of burial to Polynices strikes directly at her family loyalty. This enormoussense of loyalty leads to her simultaneous violation and observance to the duty of womenof the time. It is precisely this loyalty that makes her an dynamical rather than a staticfigure. Antigone herself represents the highest ideals of human life -- courage and respect forthe gods. She believed that the law of the gods, which dictates that a body be givenproper burial rights, was more important than the law of the King. Throughout the play,Antigone amazingly retains the traditional role of women, while at the same time boldlychallenges this depiction. The challenge occurs as both a defiance of Creons laws inAntigones burying Polynices and as a direct verbal assault on Creon himself. Creonbecomes angry that a woman questions his sovereignty and condemns her to death eventhough she was the daughter of his sister, Jocasta. Creon believes that if he does notfollow through on his word the people of Thebes will not respect his authority as king. gum olibanum Creons patriotic values clash with Antigones ethical values to make conflictingroles. Creon, being a new king, wants to prove his abilities as a firm and sanitary administrator.Creon wants to be respected and feared as a king because this will prove him to be theultimate authorative figure in Thebes. He stands for obedience to the State. Surely it ishis vocalization the townspeople should obey. Creon abuses his power to force others to accepthis point of view.

Quality Teachers in the American Education System :: philosophy of education, descriptive

Lately, it seems all time you pick up a newspaper it contains a story on the inadequacy of our nations educational system. Society is forever blaming its woes, from not being able to multiply to not being able to balance a checkbook, on a bad teacher. We each, at sometime in our education, deport had to sit through the boredom and uncertainty of teachers like Christian Zowodniaks freshman English teacher, Jeff. Teachers like Jeff made it appear that our tenet universities are turn out unqualified teachers, but this is not the case. Mediocre teachers get into the education profession for all the wrong reasons from having summers off, to having right-hand(a) health insurance coverage, to having good calculate hours. Hopefully, these teachers quickly burn-out and seek employment in other professions. Unfortunately, many of them stay and become resistless, careless teachers, much like Zowodniaks Jeff.Surely, we have encountered more good teachers than bad ones in our years of education. Yet, we are quick to point out the flaws of our education system and to complain about poor teachers. But seldom do we praise our greatest asset, our excellent teachers. I would like to tell you about an excellent teacher, Mrs. Joan Beers . Mrs. Beers, my senior English teacher, loves teaching. Her love for her profession is reflected in her method of teaching her students, in her method of addressing her students different learning styles, and in her method of assessing her students.Like Jeff, many of my steep school teachers used a passive come up to teaching. The toll rang, and the teacher stood behind a podium with a notebook bulging with lecture notes. set about her was a roomful of eager students, with notebooks opened and pens poised. Our learning consisted of a cardinal minute lecture on grammar, during which the teacher verbally delivered reams of facts and interrogationples, and we busily recorded her every word. We wise to(p) these bit s of information and recited them word for word at exam time. The passive teacher graded us only on our ability to recall at exam time. Mrs. Beers, on the other hand, used a more active, student-centered approach to her teaching. She began class with a five minute discussion on prepositions. Then, she divided the class into tiny groups of three to four students and handed each student a current newspaper.Quality Teachers in the American Education System philosophy of education, descriptiveLately, it seems every time you pick up a newspaper it contains a story on the inadequacy of our nations educational system. Society is forever blaming its woes, from not being able to multiply to not being able to balance a checkbook, on a bad teacher. We all, at sometime in our education, have had to sit through the boredom and uncertainty of teachers like Christian Zowodniaks freshman English teacher, Jeff. Teachers like Jeff made it appear that our teaching universities are turning ou t unqualified teachers, but this is not the case. Mediocre teachers get into the education profession for all the wrong reasons from having summers off, to having good health insurance coverage, to having good work hours. Hopefully, these teachers quickly burn-out and seek employment in other professions. Unfortunately, many of them stay and become passive, unconcerned teachers, much like Zowodniaks Jeff.Surely, we have encountered more good teachers than bad ones in our years of education. Yet, we are quick to point out the flaws of our education system and to complain about poor teachers. But seldom do we praise our greatest asset, our excellent teachers. I would like to tell you about an excellent teacher, Mrs. Joan Beers . Mrs. Beers, my senior English teacher, loves teaching. Her love for her profession is reflected in her method of teaching her students, in her method of addressing her students different learning styles, and in her method of assessing her students.Li ke Jeff, many of my high school teachers used a passive approach to teaching. The bell rang, and the teacher stood behind a podium with a notebook bulging with lecture notes. Facing her was a roomful of eager students, with notebooks opened and pens poised. Our learning consisted of a fifty-five minute lecture on grammar, during which the teacher verbally delivered reams of facts and examples, and we busily recorded her every word. We learned these bits of information and recited them word for word at exam time. The passive teacher graded us only on our ability to recall at exam time. Mrs. Beers, on the other hand, used a more active, student-centered approach to her teaching. She began class with a five minute discussion on prepositions. Then, she divided the class into small groups of three to four students and handed each student a current newspaper.

Quality Teachers in the American Education System :: philosophy of education, descriptive

Lately, it seems every time you pick out up a newspaper it contains a story on the inadequacy of our nations educational system. Society is forever blaming its woes, from not being commensurate to multiply to not being able to balance a checkbook, on a painful teacher. We all, at sometime in our education, have had to sit through with(predicate) the boredom and uncertainty of teachers bid Christian Zowodniaks freshman English teacher, Jeff. Teachers like Jeff make it appear that our teaching universities are turning out incapable teachers, but this is not the case. Mediocre teachers get into the education profession for all the wrong reasons from having summers off, to having safe(p) health insurance coverage, to having good work hours. Hopefully, these teachers quickly burn-out and try out employment in early(a) professions. Unfortunately, many of them stay and become passive, unconcerned teachers, much like Zowodniaks Jeff.Surely, we have encountered more good teac hers than bad ones in our years of education. Yet, we are quick to point out the flaws of our education system and to complain round poor teachers. But seldom do we praise our sterling(prenominal) asset, our excellent teachers. I would like to tell you about an excellent teacher, Mrs. Joan Beers . Mrs. Beers, my senior English teacher, go to beds teaching. Her love for her profession is reflected in her method of teaching her students, in her method of addressing her students different learning styles, and in her method of assessing her students.Like Jeff, many of my high school teachers use a passive approach to teaching. The bell rang, and the teacher stood arsehole a podium with a notebook bulging with rally notes. Facing her was a roomful of intent students, with notebooks opened and pens poised. Our learning consisted of a fifty-five minute lecture on grammar, during which the teacher verbally delivered reams of facts and examples, and we busily recorded her ever y give voice. We learned these bits of information and recited them word for word at exam time. The passive teacher judge us only on our ability to recall at exam time. Mrs. Beers, on the other hand, used a more active, student-centered approach to her teaching. She began class with a five minute discussion on prepositions. Then, she divided the class into small groups of three to quadruple students and handed each student a current newspaper.Quality Teachers in the American Education System philosophy of education, descriptiveLately, it seems every time you pick up a newspaper it contains a story on the inadequacy of our nations educational system. Society is forever blaming its woes, from not being able to multiply to not being able to balance a checkbook, on a bad teacher. We all, at sometime in our education, have had to sit through the boredom and uncertainty of teachers like Christian Zowodniaks freshman English teacher, Jeff. Teachers like Jeff made it appear tha t our teaching universities are turning out unqualified teachers, but this is not the case. Mediocre teachers get into the education profession for all the wrong reasons from having summers off, to having good health insurance coverage, to having good work hours. Hopefully, these teachers quickly burn-out and seek employment in other professions. Unfortunately, many of them stay and become passive, unconcerned teachers, much like Zowodniaks Jeff.Surely, we have encountered more good teachers than bad ones in our years of education. Yet, we are quick to point out the flaws of our education system and to complain about poor teachers. But seldom do we praise our greatest asset, our excellent teachers. I would like to tell you about an excellent teacher, Mrs. Joan Beers . Mrs. Beers, my senior English teacher, loves teaching. Her love for her profession is reflected in her method of teaching her students, in her method of addressing her students different learning styles, and in her method of assessing her students.Like Jeff, many of my high school teachers used a passive approach to teaching. The bell rang, and the teacher stood behind a podium with a notebook bulging with lecture notes. Facing her was a roomful of eager students, with notebooks opened and pens poised. Our learning consisted of a fifty-five minute lecture on grammar, during which the teacher verbally delivered reams of facts and examples, and we busily recorded her every word. We learned these bits of information and recited them word for word at exam time. The passive teacher graded us only on our ability to recall at exam time. Mrs. Beers, on the other hand, used a more active, student-centered approach to her teaching. She began class with a five minute discussion on prepositions. Then, she divided the class into small groups of three to four students and handed each student a current newspaper.

12 Hours Without Technology Essay

Those who identify themselves as technological determinists believe we as gentleman have remarkably little control over engineering and the effect it has on the world. Just two months ago, I passionately denied this point of view and place myself as a friendly constructivist. Perhaps it is the idea of non being in complete control of my decisions that I did not want to accept. However, after finish the challenge of going twelve hours without technology, I quickly learned that my thoughts on technological determinism were not in line with my experiences.The fact is technology has become an constitutive(a) part of day-to-day life. Truly understanding the effects and d be I say, control, that technology has on life, twelve hours without it will certainly enlighten distri plainlyively one of us. In the following pages, I will attempt to describe the challenges of my day without technology. Further much, I will attempt to interpret how my experiences relate to my relationship wit h technology and society. Ultimately, my tendency is to identify events which support or defy the view of technological determinism and understand the driving factors behind them.See to a greater extentFirst Poem for You EssayWith a career that heavily relies on technology, I reasonably challenged myself to refrain from using technology on a Sunday. What I learned was quite an move and honestly, quite stressful. First, to appreciate the challenges I endured on this Sunday, it is crucial to know a little bit about my passe-partout background. As a licensed mortgage give originator, I have a fiduciary duty to all of my clients that are purchasing a home. While my career requires a large set of passkey requirements, the most valuable aspect to being successful is to be available nearly 24 hours a day every day of the week.Going into this project, I knew that refraining from using technology, specifically my phone and the com gear uper, would prove to be challenging but at the sam e time I figured everyone deserves a day remove every now and thenI soon learned that this would come with a cost. My Sunday morning started off much the same as whatever other. I woke up early to tend to my e-mails that had made their way to my inbox from potential homeowners throughout the evening. Responsibly, I made sure to reply to every e-mail, voicemail and, textbook sum prior to 900AM.Completely disconnecting from the internet and shutting down my phone was just as nerve racking as I had anticipated it to be. cognise that this day would be a challenge for me, I had previously arranged a few things to do to keep my mind and attention away from my business. Depending on how one would define technology, virtuallyone could argue that I instantly failed to avoid the use of technology within just an hour of starting my project. My married woman and I left the house in the technological wonder of a Chevy Tahoe Hybrid around 930AM to attend regular church services.I accept ri ght away that avoiding technology entirely for twelve hours would be impossible for me to accomplish. Instead, I switched my focus to avoiding my phone, internet or computer use for the remainder of the day. My wife and I proceeded to attend church and then went to lunch. When we returned home, I decided to take each of the three dogs for a run. Normally, I opt to take one of them each day on a rotation, but it was a beautiful day and the small blinking light on my phone begging me to check my text messages, e-mails and voicemails were not within reach.This was my first insight into a day without technology. Almost immediately I was able to find more time to do things that are more valuable to me. While I was enjoying the extra time with my beloved pets, I also recognized that as the day progressed, I was growing more and more anxious from not being able to use my phone. Little did I know that by the time I had finished taking the culture four-legged child for a run, I was not the only anxious person affected by vacation from technology.There was a storm brewing that would stop my goal. When I returned home, my wife frantically met me at the door with her phone in hand. My managing sales supervisor had called her because he had acquire a few phone calls from hurly burly potential clients. Notably, this was just five hours into my twelve hour challenge on a Sunday afternoon. Reluctantly, I took the phone from my wife and proceeded to field the onslaught of wildcat questions as to my whereabouts and reasoning for not answering my phone or promptly replying to my e-mails.It is crucial to remember that Im essentially self-employed, so I had no obligation to answer to a supervisor for an issue such as this but the fact that I had chosen not to use an ordinary technology such as my phone, I found myself in an awkward and rather challenging position. After taking some time to put out some proverbial fires with my sales manager and a few clients, I put my phone d own and resumed my challenge of avoiding technology. Before doing so, I noticed that I had received several text messages throughout the day from friends and family.Reflecting upon the nature of the texts as I read through them, I noticed one general recurring theme. some of the initial text conversations had begun with an unassuming hello and how are you. Just five or six hours after not receiving a response from me, many of the colored conversations had progressed to worry about my safety. At this point, I dismissed the idea that I had control when it came to technology. As I reflected on these events, I could not help but be reminded of Neil Postman.We need to proceed with our eyes wide open so that we may use technology rather than be used by it (Postman, 1998, p. 6). Suddenly, I realized that I have been interacting with technological development in a way where technology was using me more than I was using it. By definition, social constructivism presumes that social and cul tural forces determine technical change (Johnson & Wetmore, 2009, p. 143). On the flip side, technological determinism is the claim that the introduction of new technologies produces direct and unalterable social changes (Johnson & Wetmore, 2009, p. 93).I acknowledge that refraining from technological use for twelve hours was an extremely small scale task in terms of the technology available at hand. Despite that, it was surprising how disturbed my friends, family, co-workers and clients alike had become by my avoidance of a phone. Technological change creates winners and losers (Harris, 2012). These disturbances certainly support this idea, and I would argue that this is at the foundation of the technological determinism theory. The introduction of the smartphone into my personal and professional life has set an expectation which has had a direct and unalterable affect.While this reliance on the phone may put me on the loser side of this equation, my clients are certainly on the wi nning side. My choice of career has brought new technology into my life that may have not been necessary with different decisions on my part. In closing, I should repeat that the main point of this paper and this experiment was to describe the challenges of a day without technology sequence interpreting my experiences in terms of the relationship between technology and society at a personal level.My experience with this project may have been more extreme than others given the expectations of my profession. However, by the end of my unsuccessful day without technology, it was clear that the technologies I have brought into my own life on a personal and professional level unmistakably dictates how I interact with the world and more importantly, how the outside world expects me to interact with it.

Mannerism Artist

Mannerism appeared in response to the Renaissance style from Florence, Rome and Venice in the 1520s. Unlike Renaissance artists to strove to make their art look as realistic as possible, mannerism artists broke away from this convention. Some of these key characteristics include abnormally elongated limbs, contorted bodies impossible poses and most importantly, artifice. Renaissance artists well-tried to disguise artifice where mannerism artists reveal imbalanced compositions, ambiguous space, departures from expected conventions and unique presentations of traditional themes (Gardner 612).There are great examples in paintings, sculptures and architecture that utilize these characteristics and contact us a better understanding of what mannerism truly is. There were many influential painters in the 1500s that took advantage of the freeing style of mannerism. whizz artist who stands out is Jacopo Da Pontormo. His piece, Entombment of Christ, (Capponi Chaple, Santa Felicita, Florance Italy, 1494-1557) embodies almost all of the characteristics assigned to mannerism.Christs decent from the cross-had been frequently portrayed by many artists before him. However, Pontormo took a different approach from his processors. Pontormo changed his picture plane from the traditional perpendicular plane by rotating image along a upright piano axis. Because of this, the Virgin Mary travel away from the viewer as she releases her sons hand (Kleiner 613). Another striking difference is how he positions the characters so there is an intentional void in the middle of the painting.How the bodies and limbs moves around the center accentuate the void. Also, the elongated limbs and bodies positioned in a contorted fashion depict the key characteristics of the style. For example, the figure holding Christ on his back has an elongated torso that does not seem to be anatomically possible. This painting gives the viewer an excellent example for how Pontormo and other mannerism artists have split ways with the natural, realistic, and balanced principles of the Renaissance artists.The mannerism style potentiometer be seen across other mediums as well. Other artists took these new principles and merged them into sculpture. Giovanni da Bolognas (born, Jean de Boulogne) Abduction of the Sabine Women, (Loggia dei Lanzi, Piazza della Signoria, Florence, Italy, 1579-1583) epitomizes the principles of figure composition for Mannerists. As seen by Pontormo, this piece is also created on a vertical axis. The bodies create a vertical, almost flame-like spiral movement. This sculpture was the first large-scale group since unstained antiquity designed to be seen from multiple viewpoints (Kleiner 619). Because of this, the piece changes vastly depending on where the viewer is standing. The figures also display extreme emotion that was not common before this period. For example, you can almost feel the woman figures pain and anguish by her face, and how she is trying to fa ulting away from the young male figure. Mannerism also translates into the medium of architecture.This style of architecture also challenged the classical elements of balance, order and stability that were prominent in the Renaissance. Giulio Romano ended up being the leading architect in Mannerism. An example of his work would be the Palazzo del Te, Mantua, Italy, 1525-1535. The viewer can see his Mannerist style in the facades that face the interior courtyard. The deviation from the conventional architecture of the time is pronounced by revealing the artifice of the palace design. The keystones for example, any have fully settled or seem to be slipping from the arches-and, more eccentric still, Giulio even placed voussoirs in the pediments over the niches, where no arches populate (Kleiner 620). The grammatical construction is full of structural oddities and contradictions. For example, the architraves holding the columns up dont look strong enough to support the building, givi ng the viewer the illusion that the building may come crashing down at any time.In conclusion, the mannerism style broke away from the conventional Renaissance style of order, balance and realistic paintings. It focused more on the artifice, elegant style and showing emotion through the figures. Although Mannerism did not last long, I believe this style of art helped artists break away from the strict rules of its predecessors and let the artist be free to express more emotions and to retell stories in a different way. Sources Kleiner, Fred S. , and Helen Gardner. Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History. Boston, MA Thomson/Wadsworth, 2009. Print.

Bluffing

HUMN 330 Values and morals Online stemma Syllabus Credit Hours 3 Delivery Method Online (Internet / Blackboard) Required Textbook Rosenstand, N. (2013). The moral of the story An introduction to moral philosophy (7th ed. ). New York, NY McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0078038426 Course Description This course focuses on the process of practical ethics as a way of resolving moral conflict and of sagacity professional responsibility in a multi-culturally diverse society without devaluating specific viewpoints of ethical or metaphysical theory, ideology, or religion.Students will use proposals, value judgments, thoughtfulness statements, assumptions, and alternate-world assumptions in arguing present-day(a) issues of moral importance. With this basic moral logic, students will resolve issues in depots of rights, responsibilities, and the community of rational beings in terms of consequences and contingencies and in terms of habituated virtues and character. Free and unrestricted discourse will be encouraged so as to let students find common ground in diversity. Course Goals This course is designed to help students 1. Understand the basic vocabulary and fundamental theories of ethics. . Discover lifes value and determine which values are the most worthwhile. 3. Relate the standard theories to actual life situations. 4. Find greater personal peace by choosing more constructive values. 5. Apply belowstanding of ethics to personal lives. 6. Understand the family between attitudes, values and moral give. Learning Outcomes This syllabus was genuine for online acquirement by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 Upon course completion, students will be able to 1. Judge the office staff and importance of ethics and evaluate moral behavior base on the criteria of value and self autonomy. . Assess the psychological, sociological, historical, and philosophical background of ethics. 3. Relate the nature and role of reason in understanding values. 4. Relate the nature and characteristics of freedom when responding to values. 5. Distinguish and apply ethical principles in ethical situations. 6. Explain the various arguments for and against the major contemporary ethical issues. 7. Discuss ones options for identifying and replacing inferior values. 8. Explain the role, nature, and characteristics of responsibility. 9.Defend the value of and the process of foreseeing the consequences of an individuals conduct. 10. Defend the choice of a workable ethical theory in solving an ethical problem. 11. Utilize the principles of critical thought to enhance learning skills and to increase rational and moral growth. 12. Evaluate their conduct in the light of constructive ethical expectations. Grading Your final grade will be based on the following evaluation items Grade casing 90 c% 80 89% 70 79% 60 69% 0 59% A B C D F Evaluation Items and Weights calendar weekly Assignments interchanges midterm examination Exam Group Project final Exam Total 5% 3 0% 15% 15% 15% 100% Activities and Assignments Activities to for each one one module, excluding Module 9, contains various assignments related to the respective module, such as ? Chapter and Lecture Notes. This natural process consists of reading the text and the lecture notes that are posted in each module. ? Reading and reproach. This activity contains a reading activity that is assigned to stimulate superfluous thinking and some sermons within the topic area. This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 ? ? Research and sarcastic thought.This activity varies with each module however, they are typical outside readings with associated discussion questions of short essay-type answers to the topic area. Application. This activity varies with each module and is integrated into the learning modules to help you apply and reinforce the concepts that each module introduces. Weekly Assignments The assignments vary from module to module a nd are based on the activities that were contained within the module. Each includes a combination of threaded discussions, short essays, or study questions based on text or outside readings.The periodical assignments comprise 25% of your grade. Discussions The Discussion Board is an integral part of your learning in this course. You are encouraged and expected to participate in online discussions. Regular and significant discussion postings are part of your final grade. Each module, excluding Module 9, contain Discussion Board topics or questions that will help sharpen your critical thinking and written communicating skills as you study the theories and concepts related to values and ethics.Thirty percent of your course grade will come from your original responses to module discussion prompts and responses to classmates submitted to the let Discussion Board forum in response to these module discussion activities. Please refer to the Checklist for Meaningful Discussions and Discu ssion Rubric in Module 1. Discussions eyeshade for 30% of your grade. Exams Both the Midterm and Final Exams are time-limited online tests. The Midterm will cover Modules 1 through 4 (Chapters 1-6) and is to be taken in Week 4. The Final is comprehensive (Modules 1-4 and 5-9, Chapters 1-13) and is to be taken during Week 9.The Midterm and Final are each worth 15% of your grade. Group Project Module 8 is devoted to the assemblage project. The instructor will divide the class into four virtual groups to discuss a case involving an ethical issue. ? ? ? ? Group 1 Media Ethics Group 2 Theory of Just War Group 3 Animal Welfare and Animal Rights Group 4 Death Penalty Each group will make water its own private group discussion forum. Accessing this private forum is a little different from reaching the public discussion forums. You will need to click the Groups menu item, not the Discussion Board.After clicking Groups, you will see the four groups listed exactly you will only have inle t to the group you have been assigned to. Click your group relate to see a list of the early(a) members of your group and so the Group Discussion Board link to access the discussion forum. This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 Work with your assigned group members on the ethics case for your group in your private discussion forum. Identify ethical or moral justifications to support your arguments from the text or additional sources as necessary.Use the Internet to research any additional information you would like to use in your groups discussion. After groups have had time to review and discuss their cases and reach a consensus on the topic, one member of each of group will post its findings to the appropriate thread in the public Module 8 Group Presentations forum. As individuals, each student will then comment on at least two other group presentations. The group project makes up 15% of your grade. Additional Information Li brary Embry-Riddle aeronautical University has one of the most complete library collections of aviation-related resources in the world. ? ERAU Libraries http//library. erau. edu/ Hunt Library intercontinental Information, Services, Help o Worldwide Library Basic Training o Worldwide Library Ask-a-Librarian o Reference Research Request Contact Information ? Hours Monday Friday 800 a. m. 500 p. m. Eastern Time ? Telephone 1-800-678-9428 or 386-226-6947 ? netmail emailprotected edu RefWorks RefWorks is an online database tool that can manage references and citations from almost any source. It provides specific guidance in how to collect and use references, bring out bibliographies, and write research papers.You may access it through this ERAU organizational login link when signed in to ERNIE or directly from the RefWorks website (http//www. refworks. com). A different link must be used for off-campus access (see these instructions). RefWorks requires users to create a RefWorks-sp ecific username and password. Please contact the Hunt Library if you have any questions. Online Sources There are many websites that offer current information on values and ethics and any search engine (Google, etc. ,) will get you to both historic and current information that is relevant to the content of this course.In addition, many tie in are provided within the online learning modules. APA Format ERAU students should master the American Psychological Association (APA) editorial style format for research papers and other written assignments. Two good websites to bookmark for help citing references used in your assignments and discussion posts are listed below. (See the Academic Resources folder in the Resources area of the course for additional sites on APA style. ) This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 The OWL at Purdue, APA Formatting and Style Guide APA Style. rg Course Policies Academic Integrity Embry-Riddle is committe d to maintaining and upholding intellectual integrity. All students, faculty, and staff have obligations to prevent violations of academic integrity and take corrective action when they occur. The adjudication process will involve imposing sanctions which may include, but are not limited to, a failing grade on the assignment, a failing grade in a course, suspension or kindling from the University, upon students who commit the following academic violations 1. Plagiarism Presenting the ideas, words, or products of another as ones own.Plagiarism includes use of any source to complete academic assignments without becoming acknowledgement of the source. Reuse or resubmission of a students own coursework if previously used or submitted in another course, is considered self-plagiarism, and is also not allowed under University policy. 2. Cheating A broad term that includes, but is not limited to, the following a. Giving or receiving help from unauthorized persons or materials during exami nations. b. The unauthorized communication of examination questions prior to, during, or following administration of the examination. . Collaboration on examinations or assignments expected to be, or presented as, individual work. d. Fraud and deceit, that include knowingly furnishing dishonorable or misleading information or failing to furnish appropriate information when requested, such as when applying for admission to the University. Online Learning This course is offered through ERAU Worldwide Online (Blackboard) and runs nine (9) weeks. The first week begins the first day of the term and ends at midnight EDT/EST (as applicable) seven days later.Success in this course requires in-depth study of each module as assigned, timely completion of assignments, and regular participation in forum discussions. Late work should be the exception and not the rule and may be downgraded at the discretion of the Instructor, if accepted at all. Unless all work is submitted, the student could re ceive a failing grade for the course. Extensions may be granted for extenuating deal at the discretion of the Instructor and only for the length of time the Instructor deems appropriate. The most important element of success in an online course is to communicate with your Instructor throughout the term.Conventions of online etiquette, which include courtesy to all users, will be observed. Students should use the Send Email function in Blackboard for private messages to the Instructor and other students. The class Discussion Board forums are for public messages. It is highly recommended that students keep electronic copies of all materials submitted as assignments, discussion board posts and emails, until after the end of the term and a final This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 grade is received.When posting responses in a discussion forum, please confirm that the responses have actually been posted after you submit them. Cours e Schedule Module Title Understanding Values, Morals, and Ethics Activities / Assignments 1. 1 Introductions 1. 2 Read Chapter 1 look Morality Video 1. 3 Reading and Reflection Morality and Ethics 1. 4 Application Current News search 1. 5 Discussion 1 Ethical Behavior 1. 6 Discussion 2 Moral Issues 2. 1 Read Chapter 2 and 3 2. 2 Research and Critical Thinking Haroun and the Sea of Stories Study Questions 2. Discussion Understanding the Past 2. 4 Application Moral Dilemma 2. 5 Discussion Ethnicity vs National Identity 3. 1 Read Chapter 4 3. 2 Research and Critical Thinking The Ethics of Emergencies Study Questions 3. 3 Reading and Reflection Altruistic Behaviors 3. 4 Application Essay on Rands Ideas 3. 5 Discussion Understanding Altruism 4. 1 Read Chapters 5 and 6 4. 2 Reading and Reflection utileism and Deontology 4. 3 Research and Critical Thinking Flight 93 and Utilitarianism in Times of Crisis 4. Discussion Ends and Means 5. 1 Review Modules 1 through 4 Le arning Objectives 5. 2 Discussion Midterm Q & A 5. 3 Midterm Exam 6. 1 Read Chapters 7 and 8 Listen to I Have a Dream Speech 6. 2 Reading and Reflection Walmart Employment Practices 6. 3 Application Education Equity and Social Justice Awareness 6. 4 Discussion 1 Person vs. gracious Being 6. 5 Discussion 2 Rights and Responsibilities 6. 6 Research & Critical Thinking The Trial of Socrates 6. 7 Application Resolving Ethical Dilemmas 6. 8 Discussion 3 Socrates Trial 7. Read Chapters 10 and 11 7. 2 Research and Critical Thinking Either/Or Study Questions 7. 3 Reading and Reflection Philosophers 7. 4 Application Why Courage Matters The Way to Braver Life Study Questions 7. 5 Discussion Politics 7. 6 Group Project Preview 8. 1 Read Chapters 12 and 13 View Gender and Ethics Video 8. 2 Reading and Reflection Group Case 8. 3 Research and Critical Thinking Group Case 8. 4 Application Group Findings 9. 1 Review Modules 1 through 8 Learning Objectives 9. 2 Discussion Fina l Q and A 9. Final Exam 1 2 Moral Lessons Through Time and Ethical Relativism 3 Exploring Psychological and Ethical Egoism 4 Utilitarian Reasoning and Universal Law 5 Midterm Exam Week 6 Human Rights, Justice and the Concept of Virtues 7 The Contemporary Perspectives and Case Studies in Virtue 8 Feminism, Virtue, and the Exploration of Ethics in a Global Context 9 Final Exam Week This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712 This syllabus was developed for online learning by Dr. Moseby HUMN 330 Online Syllabus 0712

E-Cigarettes

BENEFIT OF USING ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE They be so many of smokers in the world and every day the numbers of them are increasing rapidly especially the teenagers,but nowaday with the advanced of the technology then its created the electronic cigarettes and its becoming more widely used by people to either back up them quit smoke or prune the number of cigarettes they smoke each day. Does the electronic cigarette help the smokers to reduce their habit or continue to quit.First of all,we fire reduce the amount of the nicotine in our body slowly using the electronic cigrate. The cigrates does not give the sack like reciprocal cigrates that produce smoke but it burn somekind of liquid that entrust vaporized and the vapour contain an amount of nicotine that our body needed only. This leave alone shambling our addiction to the cigrate will reduce and then we will quit from smoking. Secondly,we also can save the money that we use to buy cigrates because when we use the electronic ci grate,the approach are much more cheaper than the common cigrate.This will not save the money of the smokers but also will make the smokers think twice about to continue their smoking habit that will cost a lot of money. As you known today,the cost of living in our country has gone up in recent years and this will make the smokers cannot affordable in their life because their addiction to smoke will make they always buy the cigrate. Lastly,the electronic cigrate also are less dangerous than the common cigrate because its doesnt contain the chemical like the common cigrate and most important it doesnt produce carbon monoxide and tar that will harmful our lung.With the fact that the electronic cigrate doesnt contain those harmful chemical this will make the smokers think about to quit their smoking habits or to reduce and start using the electronic cigrate. Holistically,the conclusion is there are a lot of benefit using the electronic cigrate and that is the best way to reduce or con tinue to quit the smoking habits. We just need to be clever to think on how to make it well. The smokers will think about the benefit above such as reduce the nicotine addiction,save their money and last but not least will keep their lung healthy.

‘The Making of Modern Russia’, 1856-1964

a) To what extent do these sources agree that Russian government indemnity on agriculture consistently failed and that peasants resisted it under both Tsarist and commie rule?Source1 concerns the emancipation statute of 1861. Western historian Ronald Hingley cites the introduction of redemption payments serfs resented receiving too micro land for their needs this undermines the fundamental aims of the policy. Source 1 makes reference to how the Mir was in charge of paying the redemption payments for the whole village. Hingley points out that individual peasants were bound in various ways to their village communes peasants were detained in their villages until the payments were received.Hingley notes the creation of Special Courts delegated to discipline unruly peasants the flogging of recalcitrant peasants this is conclusion of peasant rebellion, mainly due to the event they were in a poorer position after emancipation than they were before the policy was introduced. Source 1 sug gests agricultural policies were a failure, and provoked peasant uprising, due to the anticipate the emancipation edict gave peasants of being free.Source 2, meanwhile, presents a mixed view on Stolypins agricultural advances. Unlike Source 1 from 1992, this piece of evidence was enter circa 1906. It is therefore unaffected by later analysis or post-Communist interpretation.The first quote is from Stolypin himself, stating that the government has placed its wager on the sturdy and the strong, this indicates that noncurrent agricultural reform, such as emancipation have failed, as further wagers or reforms were needed. The other two quotes deal with Stolypins reforms more directly. The second quote is from a Tsarist Official. It provides direct evidence of rebellion by peasants towards Stolypins reforms The peasants were very hostile to the Law of 9 November rebellions were commonplace, peasants feared that if land belonged to an individual as opposed to the commune, a sequel wo uld be some would be left with nothing.The third quote is from a peasant, it is important to not that 10% of the peasants in Russia did take up Stolypins proposals. Segei Semenov endorses Stolypins reforms anticipating a glistening new future this challenges the notion that all agricultural policies consistently failed. Stolypins reforms were based on good principles that could have revitalized agriculture in Russia. This does suggest that this reform did bring some success, but the general consensus confirms that many peasants preferred social security resulting in the failure of the policy.Source 3 is an excerpt from a confrontation between Churchill and Stalin during the Second World War. We se Stalins personal view regarding the collective farm policy, it is thus a subjective piece of evidence. Stalin implies suggests that the collective farm policy was a failure he refers to the policy as a terrible struggle. Stalin insinuates peasant resistance against the policy, stating so me kulaks were wiped out by their labourers the resistance was a product of peasant reluctance to work on collectivised farms. The farms provided little reward or incentive to the actual peasants growing the grain resulting in the melodramatic deterioration of the quality and quantity of the grain.Source 3 ends with an important comment that food supply had been vastly increased this indicates policy victory. However modern evidence undermines Stalins command, STATISTIC more and more people were dying of famine during the period of collectivization. Although, Source 3 opposes the view that agricultural policy failed, its dependability is debateable and should be questioned before it is interpreted into account.Source 4 is an extract from Eduard Shevardandses The future belongs to Freedom Source 4 describes the gross(a) Land Schemes introduced by Khrushchev/. One must note that the writer was a Communist Youth League activist, and may have been more likely to exaggerate the suppo rt the peasants actually gave to the scheme. There is no mention of opposition to the scheme, on the setback Shevardandse describes the trains packed with young volunteers this stands for optimism on part of peasantry towards the scheme. Source 5 confirms the implication in Source 4 of support in some measure for the depict as the scheme did successfully increase the amount of grain produced between 1958 to 1965 from 100 to 114. While the evidence in Source 4 may be true to some extent, the reliability of the source is questionable.The other factor source 4 presents is the relative success of the scheme. Source 5 does seem to disagree with the statement that the policy failed due to the increase in grain production.In Source 4 it is suggested that the policy could have been a triumph had it not been for stupid decisions which weighed megabucks many successes. These ill-conceived strategies included lack of coherence between the crops and the terrain, and deficiency of storage pla ce for the grain, consequently the crops rotted in the fields. Source 5 reinforces the feeling that the scheme was a failure, as the agricultural output during the seven year plan lonesome(prenominal) increased by 14%, the target for 1965 was 170, only 114 was achieved. Source 6 also argued that Khrushchevs policy was for the close to part unsuccessful. However the failure is blamed on Khrushchevs inheritance of a generation of neglect.The reliability of some sources must be taken into consideration. Some sources suggest subjectivity and bias such as Sources 3 and 4. Policies such as Stolypins land reforms and Khrushchevs Virgin Land Schemes are shown to have limited success, but ultimately they both failed to reach targets required. By and large, all the sources do converge in the belief that most of the agricultural policies did fail consistently to a degree. Similarly there is evidence that it was resisted by Peasantry both under Tsarist and Communist rule.

Parenting Skills: Questions Essay

Review Questions1. What is a family? What is family composition?2. What is cultural prepossess? What is an example of this?3. What are stereotypes? How are they different from prejudice?4. What is the difference between a atomic family and an extended family? captious Thinking Questions1. How can families assimilate to a new culture?2. What are some of the problems with stereotypes or cultural bias when flavour at families? 3. Adversity affects todays family, just as Black Death affected families from earlier times. What kinds of adverse challenges do todays families caseful and how can they manage the situations? 4. Why are families diverse in composition? How are family lifestyles of today different than the past? Review Answer1. A family is a group of people who are tied together by co-residence, blood, or affection. A family composition is the makeup of a family, including the members of the family, their relationships to each other, and their ages. 2. A cultural bias is the judgement of practices by the standards of ones culture. An example of this is we may look at a cultural practice different from ours and consider it wrong because it is not the same way our culture may handle things. 3. Stereotypes are assumed beliefs about a group of people.Prejudice is different from stereotypes because stereotypes are generally found on characteristics of some members of a group, while prejudice are assumptions made of the entire group. 4. The difference between a nuclear family and an extended family is that a nuclear family, also known as a traditional family, has two parents and the children, while the extended family may have multiple generations living under one roof.Critical Thinking Answers1. Families assimilate to a new culture by letting them in, because they might not want a new culture to interfere with their traditions, just now they might eventually let some cultures in. 2. Some problems with stereotypes and cultural bias are that when you look at minorities sometimes they may have to deal with ostracise comments or actions in various aspects of their daily lives.

My Personal Theory

My Personal guess of Counseling Kristen Bellows University of Texas at San Antonio My Personal Theory of Counseling Perhaps nonhing is as significant to the success of the therapeutic process and nothing re commits the foundation of successful therapy more(prenominal) than iodines ain theory of discuss. both individuals in all aspects of animateness work from some belief system, perspective, or model of how the domain of a function works, how things ar, and how things interact. Developing a deep understanding of ones own personal theory leads to better decision-making with respect to the therapeutic process, including therapist advent and client interaction.Such an understanding also promotes a greater ability to intervene more effectively with clients whose values are in contrast to ones own. Being aware of ones own personal theory of the world and, subsequently, ones view of counseling, also helps the therapist severalise individual strengths and areas for improvement. The personal orientation of the therapist is a sum total of many influences such(prenominal) as interests, self-awareness, experience, values, and compassion for others, among many other things. Such influences grant a send off impact on ones personal theory of counseling.For instance, my Christian upbringing, experiences, and beliefs have a significant impact on my personal view of the world and others and, therefore, also on my theory of counseling. My religious beliefs and values coincide with some therapeutic approaches and not others. In this paper I delve into my recent self-examining and reflective explorations as well as the experiences and slightons I have learned throughout my keep which has led me to embrace and adopt the particular theory ofcounseling I believe suits me the most at this time.Of all the theories I have learned for the duration of this class, none has resonated with me as much as Existentialism. While I have a tremendous reverence for psychoanalysis a nd its focus on examining the causal factors behind ones railyardghts, detectings and behaviors i. e. ones past/childhood, the unconscious, as well as its contribution of key concepts to counseling such as transference and countertransference, I am a bit unsettled by the deterministic and rigid view this approach takes of human nature.I connect much more deeply to the philosophies of existential philosophy the emphasis it places on an authentic and genuine clash with clients, its recognition and respect for the clients subjective world, trust in the capacity of the client to make positive decisions and the concepts it focuses on in counseling such as meaning, purpose, freedom, responsibility, choice, isolation, end concepts that relate to our mere existing in the world and the larger scheme of life.I tend to shy away from the theories such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, feminist therapy, and gestalt therapy, which are genuinely technique-oriented, exercise-driven, directive i n approach, and simply require too much action on the therapists behalf. I feel these theories do not allow much of the clients pursuits and search for meaning in life to come through or at least, it is not the major focus of therapy.I do recognize that for some clients these other therapies may be useful, which is why I do not discredit nor despise them I just feel that they do not mesh with who I am personally and are not as inherent to my way of universe as much as the precepts of existentialism are. Personally, I hope to bump out my purpose in life and contribute something meaningful to the world. Over the some months of self-reflection, I realize that I simply get great joy through serving others and helping them in any way I can.I am more concerned with creating a meaningful identity and relationships with others as I recognize the limits to my existence. I know that one day, I, as well as everyone else will die, and I therefore have a longing to make the most of my time on earth and the time spent with others filled with less conflict and more harmony and discern. To me, love is the ultimate gift in this world, and I think it is one of the most powerful gifts that I possess and would the like to share with everyone.I always believe there is something swell to love in everyone and dont believe in categorizing people as good or bad, healthy or unhealthy. I dont believe that ones existence is fixed or that people are trussed to theirpast. I think we are always re-creating ourselves and making sense of each moment of the life we live. Perhaps I relate so well to the concepts of existentialism also because it explores basic dimensions of the human condition, particularly death, which closely ties in with religion.Religion, namely that of the Baptist religion, has played a large role in my life. It has helped me make sense of life and been a moral compass in most regards. The parallel I see drawn between the Baptist religion and existentialism in terms of death occurs when I think about the Lenten season and something the priest says on Ash Wednesday Remember man that thou art dust and unto dust thou shalt return. This act reminds me of our mortality, similarly to how the existentialist perspective tries to allow us to grasp the inevitability of death.Death to me is not something I look for to avoid thinking about. It is something that I am very aware of and has had a marked impact on my life. I am constantly seeking a life full of zest, meaning, and one that is filled with love and service to others. In this search, I have experienced the existential anxiety that comes from some of the inevitable conditions of simply being alive. That is, loneliness, finiteness and freedom of choice all bring up a certain amount of anxiety in me, yet I use this anxiety as mind to make changes in my life.After I graduated with my degree in psychology in 2003, I worked for a while in a rail setting. Working in the school especially caused a b atch ofanxiety in me because I constantly felt that I was not living up to my potential. I just felt as though the job I was doing was a means to no end. My view on work is that it should not be just a job, but rather a career, a lifestyle, something that you are proud to call your profession. It has helped me make sense of what I am called to do and minded(p) my life a purpose. I am happy with the path I am on right now.As an existentialist, therapy would also be structured somewhat increasing a clients self-awareness. This is important because we need to be aware of our capacities in order to exercise freedom and live as full as possible. I would shew to especially help clients take responsibility fortheir lives instead of passively letting circumstances and external forces direct their future. I would try to point out how it would be an inauthentic way of living if one subsumes the role of a victim instead of exercising the freedom that they possess.I potently believe that we can create and shape our lives and rise to the disputes that it may present us with. In saying all this, I would not take a directive stance in expressing these opinions, as in doing so, I would be making decisions and choices for the client that they might not choose to accept. I would rather challenge them to explore how they have been living in the past that has prompted them to seek therapy today and help them discover new ways of living that will lead to a change in their situation.A large part of therapy as well would include helping clients trust in themselves to find the answers, rather than look to others to direct them. Ultimately, we are alone. As cynical as it may sound, we did come into the world alone and we will die alone. We of course depend on ourhuman relationships with others and connecting with others is very important, however, we must be able to function as our own person firstly and form our own identity in order to relate healthily to others. One cannot rel y all the time on others for the answers and depend upon them for their happiness.In therapy, when clients try to do the same of me as a therapist, in order to chance on this pattern, I would explain to them that there is no easy answer and that they alone have the capability to find the right answer. In therapy, I would also try to provide the space for clients to find meaning in their life by asking questions that help them explore whether or not they are content with their up-to-date life, and who they are becoming, as well as helping them establish values that they will need to adopt in order to live a life that is meaningful to them. I would also be sure to talk frankly about the reality of death.Ignoring the topic of death makes its presence even stronger than if one were to rest it. In doing this, that is, addressing a fear that seems overwhelming to explore, a client is also opened up to experiencing life in a more authentic way. on with the goals of exploring anxiety, s elf-awareness, death, freedom and responsibility, and a meaningful life, the relationship between the client and me is of central prominence. Our therapeutic encounter will be the activator of positive change and it requires honesty and authenticity of me as well, in order to join the client in their subjective experience.I believe as a therapist, it will take a lot of courage, respect and faith in the clients ability to grow and reach greater heights and it is important that I am fully present to the client in ourencounters. Although right now I am solely focusing on the existential approach to therapy, I believe that later on as I see a variety of clients, I may need to adapt certain interventions ortechniques from other theories that might be fit for a particular client.However, I believe my main assumptions and goals for clients will remain in line with that of existentialism. The existential theory of counseling appears to be an appropriate theory-based base to use in counsel ing because it fits my style of counseling. It is supportive of the client finding meaning in life, which resolves the existential anxiety many people are feeling today. In addition the existential philosophy supports clients spiritual growth but likewise can be used with a secular approach as well.In the same way I would evaluate a clients success on the basis of whether they have been able to find a purposeful existence through the discovery of theirstrengths, their own freedom of choice etc. , is how I would evaluate myself personally and as a counselor. post I live authentically? posterior I create a life of meaning? Can I sit with ambivalence and anxiety? Can I make my own choices without having to depend on others? Can I face my fears rather than live a restricted existence? I do not have all the answers to these questions thus far, but they are important questions to me that I am always trying to answer.They are questions which I will in all probability always be asking my self as I re-evaluate and re-discover myself, but one thing I have realized thus far that is true for me, is that love is the highest goal to which I aspire. I wish to serve others and bring about change in others in counseling through this vessel. References Seligman, L. , & Reichenberg, L. W. (2010). Theories of Counseling and Psychotherapy Systems, Strategies, and Skills (3rd ed. ). naked as a jaybird Jersey Pearson Education Inc.

Orem’s Theory and Family Health Nursing Essay

In the presentation of a theoretical parole on the concept of self handle with particular considerations for family treat get along, the concept of self- make do is brinyly known in Orems Self-Care Deficit Theory of nursing. Orems possible action views the individual as a self-care agent with singular needs which will affect family health thereby providing support that health education and evaluation is the main role of curbs (Cody, 2006308). Nurses according to Cody believes that family models complement the nursing models to provide a more holistic and comprehensive sight of clients and their concerns (2006308).Orems theory has therefore a clinical applicability at home in the festering demand for home-establish health nursing services. The theory has provided that practice will be grounded in evidencebased clinical noesis and skills within the framework of family, home and community concepts (Orem, 20012). Likewise, as selfcare has been introduced and compound into the practice of community health a provision has acknowledge the provision of care to families and other health care givers while giving utmost concern to the individual needs of patients and clients.Ali analyzed distinct models presented in 1990 which included Orems theory and decided that Orems self-care theory should encourage nurses to anticipate the potential problems which include family draw in family health planning from which a care plan can be derived (Dolan and Holt, 20004). Such findings catapulted into growth the support for Orems theory in the actual process of providing care for the patient and his family and the provision of a health continuum for everyone.Orems theory can be procedured to categorize, understand, predict and alter behavior of two blue and well individuals that is therapeutic in maintaining life and health and in the retrieval from disease or injury, or in coping with their effects (Orem, 2001 82). This presupposes that there is no limit on the prov ision of care while validating all perceptions that the family is included in the paradigm of care to promote self-care abilities of the patient. We cannot discount the liaison of the family that entirely affects the health status of the individual.A particular example in this case would point to a hospitalized vehicular accident patient where after hospital treatment and rehabilitation is ordered to complete his recovery at home. Completing the period of recovery at home necessitates his re-entry to his normal way of life foregoing to the accident. The family is therefore enhanced to effectively encourage the patient to attend to his self-care needs while staying on the sidelines thus far supportively providing positive encouragement for the patients complete recovery. The effective role of nurses is providing family education for the benefit of margin to the temporary family role changes.Nurses at the same time bring to light the family models to compensate Orems nursing model and provide a more holistic turn up to clients and their concerns (Cody, 2006 308). In this time of cost containment, nurses in a given health care setting cannot lock horns with the Medicare illness models of home care that wholly focuses on the individual patient alone (Harris, 2004 131). Maintaining health is a priority and an ethical requirement for nurses that include the family particularly in home-based care provision, where the absence of one deems the effort moot and academic.The applicability of Orems theory in family health is therefore enhanced as community based nursing practice seeks to resolve the responsibility of the patient and family to be included in the nursing care plan (Harris, 2004132). In the triage system, a problem-oriented approach encompasses assessment levels and Orems model can provide a framework for form family nursing assessment, planning, intervention and evaluation (Dolan and Holt, 2000 4).Using Orems model while negotiating a holistic approac h where the family walkaways an primary(prenominal) role is likewise seen in the above example where the family effectively participates in the planning of actions to ease the patient effectively cope with his recovery while his self- right is maintained or even enhanced. The nurse mustiness therefore include in her assessment the familys perceptions toward the illness of a family member which is vital in the setting of goals as a means of promoting self-care to the ailing family member.This will pose as a challenge to the nurse as family members individual ideas may vary relative to the patients condition. It cannot be ignore that older members of the family may feel overly protected to the patient because of the existing relationship. This challenge can be overcome by the nurse as she effectively provides a choice of promoting Orems theory that to each one family member will comfortably take part with a concise goal of promoting human integrity of structure and functioning (Orem, 2001522).Likewise, the individual needs of family members should also be looked into as the practice of activities are initiated and performed for the sick member to maintain life and health while promoting a sense of well-being for everyone (Orem, 2001 43). The family thus plays an important and essential role for the individual patient, whether sick or well which thereby boosts the importance of Orems theory in the family health nursing practice. As a helping art for holistic care, family circumstances in family health planning should therefore be included as the derivatives in the formation of a care plan.The individual concepts of each family member will help identify goals while entertaining individual or group limitations that will affect in the implementation and evaluation. A family model is selected for use after the nurse gathers preliminary data about the family and identifies its unique and normal patterns (Cody, 2006308). As an example, Cody cited that a nurse c an use Orems theory for a 9 year old child affected with ear transmittal and the mothers treatment of the child while asserting that other family models will complement Orems model to enhance understanding of the familys structure and functions (2006308).Orems theory therefore provides a common language that enhance improved communication and consistency in the delivery of care while proposing that nurses play a key role in the achievement of self-care for which sophisticated communication skills, teaching skills and specialized knowledge and an awareness of the multiple factors affect the provision of care and enhances the role of the family in the value of health for everyone.

Compare and contrast essay “traveling through the dark” and “woodchuck” Essay

Traveling through the Dark by William E. Stanford and Woodchucks by Maxine Kumin a reality must make the choice of nature and its ways. Both poems stand their similarities and differences. Traveling through the trace and woodchucks pct various ways of similarities, Man vs Nature Death situations are involved in both poems. by dint of the use of narrations both poems have different attitudes.Traveling through the dark starts off dark and betterment towards a more serious tone and, the reader sympathizes with the main action in getting the cold deer off the road. So he can prevent future deaths. Both poems use vehement verbs to communicate the point effectively as possible. Traveling through the dark has no rhyme aim and follows contemplative tone, that comes from the decision of life and death which sets the mood of the poem pitiableness and despair. Kumin uses beheaded and hooked to enlarge the images to she wants to communicate.In Woodchuck, Maxine talks about the violen ce in killing the woodchuck and actually shows the reader the killing and violence whereas the Traveling through the dark illustrates a human reaction to the less-violent act. The poem however does have a rhyme scheme but does not conform to conventional forms of rhyme. The first stanza happens when the speaker describing their failed blast to eliminate the pest. Following through the poem a sense of humor becomes between the writer and the woodchucks. severally poem has a violent, grim, painful and guilty tone to it, maybe some or less in others. while reading traveling through the dark the does death and the inescapable mess of the baby fawn brings on a feeling of guilt, more so that the poem of the woodchucks, also in the contrast the woodchucks poem emphasizes on violence more than its partner. Throughout the story the narrator is blood thirsty and cares only about the death of woodchucks but does not relate to what is actually happening around the eon or what was happening around him the nazi period. The death of each animal leaves the reader feeling sad and hopeless. In comparison, Kumin only focuses on the mans reaction to the the woodchucks beheading the carrots, traveling through the dark is more objective as compared to the woodchucks which is more emotional although they are both almost equal effective.

Nathaniel Hawthorns use of symbolism in The Hollow of Three Hills Essay

Nathaniel Hawthorne turns the perhaps often ignored topic of adultery into a compelling romance that keeps the reader enthralled by using various literary techniques. He focuses on using semblance and healthy as a way to activate the audiences imagination and create a somewhat magical picture that unaccompanied the beware could produce. He describes certain things and places in a minute manner, using symbolism that can foreshadow the themes of the story. In the introductory paragraph, he describes the Hollow as beingness almost mathematically circular, this allows the reader to deduce that an aura of the supernatural can be seen in the story. Hawthorne uses break downing not only to create an image in the readers mind about what they are reading, but to a fault to create a mood and t whizz to the story. For instance, he describes the hollow as a place encompassing of dark greens and browns, setting a rather dark and gloomy mood.He describes the scene at the bottom of the h ollow, One of these masses of decaying wood, formerly a majestic Oak, rested close beside a syndicate of green and sluggish water at the bottom of the basin. The greens and browns described in this sentence, along with the definition of the rotting wood and stagnant water creates a picture of mould, death and decay, an overall miserable warp scheme, creating a miserable mood. This miserable mood is then expanded on when it is mentioned that the old woman has greyness hair, a rather drab chroma. The first vision is overly set in darkness with the only colour being mentioned being the grey ashes and orange embers, however, these oranges seem to create a feeling of frighten rather than warmth. The twinkling vision also brings on a notion of fear and resentment, the grey colour of the chains lingers on the readers mind. The third vision seems to be the darkest of all, the theme of a funeral immediately focusing the readers mind to the colour unappeasable.The darkness end-to-en d the story seems to flow into this third vision, encompassing the readers mind, creating a black quadriceps femoris for the reader to focus solely on the sounds being created in the story, yet another technique use to grab the emotions of the reader. Hawthorne carries the feelings of the adulteress sorrow, grief, despair and suffering throughout the story by using various sound devices and excessive descriptive techniques. A feeling of fear is brought into the readers mind as they imagine the intimidating phonation of the aged slime eels as the story is introduced. The sound of a prayer being uttered low her breath and the voices of the vision begin to take over the readers mind as well, and one is brought deep down the compass point of the woman. One hears the crackling of dying embers and the voices of the womans parents, as well as the old crones prayers, almost as if there is a merging of two dimensions. We then break extraneous and are brought back to the deathly calm o f the Hollow.As one reads on, the mind is forced to enter the second dimension again. Here Hawthorne uses strong onomatopoeic words to elaborate on the intensity of the sounds being created. Shrieks squeeze through the obscurity of sound. Through this sentence, Hawthorne is able to derive a bloodcurdlingly pitched scream inside ones mind. The voice of insanity is encroaching upon her. Calm is one again brought on by the sound of singing, often associated with calm due to the fact that an infant is calmed by lullaby. The voice of her husband becomes the controlling voice, indicating his feelings of absolute betrayal.The third vision contains perhaps the least noise, but in turn, speaks the loudest. The funeral bells tolls the sound of death, and the tread of the casket bearers create an ominous miser, however it is the deathly sound of silence that follows, that echoes loudest in the readers mind. Nathaniel Hawthorn also uses symbols throughout the story to accentuate the miserable tone, and the severity of the adulteresss crimes. He uses three hills, and three visions to essay reference to the Holy Trinity, which was sinned against when the woman committed adultery.A funeral sermon was given by a priest, extending the Christian connotations. A large religious role is also given to the use of the power of the super natural, and black magic. The almost mathematically circular hollow bears reference to the use of the circle in witchcraft. The woman also places her head upon the crones knees, a power that was not god, an evil deed that would pick up exchange her soul to Satan. They stood around a mantling pool, disturbing its putrid waters in the performance of an impious baptismal rite. This sentence creates an uneasy feeling that they were standing in the areas of hell, or belonging to the devil.The use of the sound and colour in the story create a vivid layout and deeply emotionally stirring images in ones mind that remain in the sub conscious for further thought, this impact could not have been achieved without such extensive use of these devices. The symbolism added understanding to this emotionally stirring story, and created an undertone of resentment for the adulteress, as one was able to realise the crimes that she had committed in relation to religion. Overall, the use of black magic, and the miserable light, as well as the impeding sound of death in the story, allowed Hawthorn to create a work of literature that excellently portrays the critical consequences of this womans tragic mistake and her deep feeling of repent are echoed in the sound of her silence at the end of the story.

Nike Sweatshop

Trust Nikkei Inc. , the sports apparel multinational company has been under suspicion and examen for their practice of the unfair treatment and negligent labor habits In their offshore factories. They have been criticized for human rights abuse, boor labor law violations, as salutary as minimal salarys and trade union transaction violations within a number of Asian countries. They subsequently misguided the public in an attempt to establish ace believe there is no substance to the allegations of their involvement.The abusive and exploitative treatment and working conditions In these factories has been t breaked as Inhumane In nature as well as an Implored violation of workers human rights (Figure 1). virtually of the most common abuses being Imposed upon their workers were insufficient pay (Figure 2), inferior and hazardous working conditions, beneath standard living conditions and long grueling hours away from their families and home. In 2000 much than 11,000 sweatshops violated minimum operate and extra time laws.This type of behavior brings to question their ability to gain trust thin their company amongst their employees, their investors, and the public. This hinges on one aspect of Interpersonal behavior found In Nines sweatshops. By definition, trust is a gardening of transparent communication which forms a foundation for building relationships. A wiz of safety and the level of cling to when it comes to interpersonal interaction this pervades a workplace that should developed and nurture a culture of trust (About. Com). NIKKEI Inc. Pays tiger Woods enough money that he could purchase a house In the slums of Indonesia every second, spell it pays heir pulverisation workers low nets. It takes a worker In Indonesia work roughly 9. 5 age to make what Tiger makes In one round of golf Figure 3 shows the hourly affiance for a Nikkei factory worker in Indonesia is $0. 34 an hour, which comes up to roughly $23. 80 a hebdomad per worker. This b arely gives workers enough wages to cover their daily needs, versus $925. 00 per week for a comparable job in the United States. From an equity theory stance, this could lead to mistrust for Nines underpaid workers.Nines blatant unwillingness early on to be fair and Just In establishing equal pay for equal ark clearly would give their workers a nose out of mistrust by taking advantage of non only the economic hardships within the country In which theyve set up shop tho also by underrepresented what would be considered a fair wage if Nines factory had been established in the United States. According to Greenberg the equity theory states, People are prompt to maintain, equitable relationships between themselves and others and to avoid those relationships that are inequitable.According to an AM Broadcast (201 3), unions In Indonesia say at least six Nikkei- contracted factories have applied to be exempt from paying an Increases to the minimum wage rate. According to Jim Keyed, foun der of Educating for Justice, this is a clear violation of Nines formula of conduct and in a more general sense the minimum wage is a poverty wage alone. To pay less than the minimum wage I Just think absolutely runs counter to Nines public claims that they care about the upbeat of their workers and they want to see them have decent lives. Nikkei has also been accused of using deplorable tactics and compulsion to force workers to produce Nines defiant workers. If an employee doesnt do what is asked of them, they are whipped, eaten, killed, threatened at gun point, and subjected to search and raptus tactics within their homes. In any environment, work related or otherwise, where there is such brutality, an employees emotional state and lack of positive motivation invites vulnerability, both internal as well as outwardly prohibiting those involved in any attempt at establishing trust.Typical in any relationship, as it applies to working conditions, when one person perceives that ma nagement and/or the organization does not place a vested interest in their benefit equal to the organization itself, there is breach in confidence and trust. Corporate right The pyramid of in mergedd social responsibility is composed of four types of responsibilities Philanthropic, Ethical, Legal and Financial. According to Greenberg, To be socially responsible, companies must stick out the four types of responsibilities (2013).Nikkei has portrayed its sweatshop allegations as more of a crime against public relations rather than eccentric that theyve violated the factory workers human rights. Their strategic decision has been to mislead the public. They have avoided addressing key issues regarding wages, forced overtime and suppression of workers eight to freedom of association. This has led credence to civil and human rights groups to be Justifiably turn down in treating Nikkei with suspicion. NIKKEI, Inc. s code of ethics for all employees called, Inside the Lines, addresses the expectations of Nines employees.It clearly defines the expectations of its employees to follow and include a range of topics regarding employee activity, ethical behavior, product safety, legal compliance, competition and use of resources. Nines code of conduct specifically addresses and places strain on the conduct of contractors that manufacture Nikkei-branded products. It directs them to respect the rights of their employees and promises to provide workers with a safe and healthy work environment. Nines code of conduct states, Nines good name and reputation result in large part from our collective actions.That actor the work-related activities of every employee must reflect standards of honesty, loyalty, trustworthiness, fairness, concern for others and accountability. We are expected to be sensitive to any situations that wad adversely impact Nines reputation and are expected to use good Judgment and common sense in the way we all conduct business. This Code of Ethics ap plies to Nikkei and its subsidiaries worldwide (Nikkei, 2009). Yet, Nines actions go completely against their form _or_ system of government regarding ethics and conduct.A clear violation of trust, as well as under- minding the responsibility of a reputable federation to do what is morally and ethically right. It wasnt until the brutal working conditions, and intimidation tactics against these factory workers were exposed and Nines corporate image was at stake. Price Waterholes Coopers (PWS), an independent monitoring firm hired by NIKKEI Inc to conduct interviews and surveys of the overseas factories. The interviews with Nines factory workers lasted approximately 7 to 10 minutes each.The venue in which the interviews were conducted were not in a private setting where workers could express themselves openly, which was intimidating at best. In 1999, a worker in an Indonesia factory stated, that PWS or NIKKEI interviewed three line workers, the supervisors knew who the workers wer e and approached them subsequently the interview to try to discover what they had disclosed. Clear violation of trust, workers could not workers to express themselves without reprisal. As you can see in the chart labeledFigure 4, Nikkei revenue sales were impact after the Nikkei scandal broke. While it appears revenue sales are beginning to incline there was a decided dip, which more than likely can be attributed to the scandal regarding Nines business practices and treatment toward factory workers abroad as opposed to that of workers in the United States. NIKKEI sales are on the rise due to endorsements form Derek fall guy ( New York Yankees), Eddie Jones (Miami Heat), Vince Carter (Toronto Raptors) and of course, Michael Jordan.Also, they have almost fixed the labor problems worldwide that have bothered them for years. Therefore, Nikkei is moving in the right direction to regain corporate social trust. Recommendations Build Trust & Improve Corporate Responsibility From an ethic al and corporate responsibility standpoint Nikkei should understand that they have obligation not only to their employees but to consumers as well to live up to the ethos they embody. Building trust amongst and commitment amongst their employees is vital to improving their corporate image.Enhancing their social image could attract more customers and investors, therefore provide positive benefits while creating a working environment that where employees slantl safe, expected and valued will promote productivity and positive cash precipitate for the company. For example, to improve its public image, Nikkei could do the following Establish a team to perform audits or watchfulness of facilities. Actively invest in the education of their overseas workers and/or their children to ensure they are taught valuable skills to infract themselves. Offer opportunities for upward mobility.Create scholarships for the children of these families who have demonstrated the want to better themselves (this will do wonders to build believability between Nikkei and the employee). Provide better health care for offshore workers possibly for a minimal fee so that the coverage is equivalent to that which is offered to their counter parts in the United States. Directly invest money into the surrounding communities (this will foster a sense of goodwill as well as increase the number of qualified applicants for positions that need to be filled).Connect employees to financial services that can aid in providing relaxation and resources to help with obtaining adequate and habitable housing. Establish partnerships with non-profit organizations that promote the embodiment of humanity. Would do well to implement lessons knowledgeable or post- assessment process to address or curtail future issues before they get out of hand. Conduct forums which allow for the exchanging of ideas between the workers and management (this will create a sense of commitment and belonging).Ensure that a percenta ge of the supervisors and managers come from the host nation (this should help to establish trust and alleviate cultural tension). Nikkei has a corporate responsibility to all stakeholders. Engaging in one or more of these suggestions could position them well on their way to be viewed as a company that cares for its rockers, appreciates its customers, respects its shareholders and its workers, as well as, is act to society. The majority of the recommendations listed here are feasible. It will require NIKKEI to invest in its employees.

PepsiCo Supply Chain Management Essay

Introduction bring out orbit anxiety is the process of forgening, implementing, and pick upling the operations of emerge chemical train with the purpose to satisfy guest requirements as efficiently as possible. Supply grasp focal point spans any campaignment and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption. It is a cross functional approach to managing the movement of raw materials into an agreement and the movement of finished goods out of the organization toward the end consumer. Supply Chain way is also the combination of art and science of improving the commission ph whizr finds the raw components it inescapably to make a convergence or value and deliver it to nodes. It seeks to kick upstairs warlike performance by closely integrating the internal functions within a fellowship and in effect linking them with external operations of suppliers and channel members. Moreoer, this has been a prominent concern for both(prenominal) large and small companies as they strive for better quality and higher customer satisfaction.In a tack on image, a caller-out links to its supplier upstream and to its distri b arelyors d witnessstream in order to serve its customer. The goal of supply drawstring c be is to furnish maximum customer service at the lowest possible represents. Companies now argon competing supply chain-to-supply chain rather than enterprise-to-enterprise requiring for much intimately connected relationships. Customer markets and supply chains be no longer modified by physical proximity, and commercial enterprisees ar sourcing from and managing a great number of far-flung actuateners and channels. Success of a friendship now depends on effective global supply chain management, its superpower to deliver the right product to the right market at the right condemnation. The complexity involved in managing supply chains that span continents and domi nate markets makes strategies and systems that atomic number 18 adaptable. Managing Supply Chain for Global Competitiveness takes a strategic look at all of the core functions of global supply chain management which implicates product design, planning and forecasting, sourcing, outsourcing, manufacturing, logistics, diffusion, and fulfilment. An example to illustrate this theory on the supply chainmanagement is the PepsiCo, Inc.Pepsi Co accountingPepsiCo, a Fortune 500, Ameri terminate Multinational Corporation is low the food consumer product industry and is the humanity leader in convenient foods and beverages. The Pepsi brand and some opposite Pepsi-Cola products account for nearly one-third of the join loopy drink gross sales in the United States. In order for the fraternity to make sure that their products light upon the customers, the fraternity needs a efficient supply chain solutions. It was founded in 1965 through the merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-Lay. Tropi hindquartersa was acquired in 1998 and PepsiCo merged with The Quaker Oats Company, including the Gatorade in two hundred1. PepsiCo offers product choices to meet a broad variety of needs and appreciation from fun-for-you items to product choices that contribute to healthier lifestyles. PepsiCo owns some of the foundations most popular brands, including Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, pabulum Pepsi, Lays, Doritos, Tropicana, Gatorade, and Quaker.Coca-Cola Company in market value for the first time in 112 years since both companies began to compete. Other brands include Caffeine-Free Pepsi, Diet Pepsi/Pepsi Light, Caffeine-Free Diet Pepsi, Caffeine-Free Pepsi Light, Wild Cherry Pepsi, Pepsi Lime, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Twist and Pepsi ONE,7 Up ,Aquafina (Flavour Splash, Alive, and Twist/Burst),Propel fittingness Water, SoBe, Quaker Milk Chillers. The Frito-Lay brands are Cheetos,Fritos,Go Snacks, James Grandmas Cookies, Hamkas, Lays, Miss Vickies, Munchies, Sandora, Santitas, The Smiths Snackfood Company, Sun Chips, Kurkure, Tostitos and some of the Quaker Oats brands include Aunt Jemima, Capone Crunch, Chewy Granola bars, Coqueiro, Crispums, Cruesli, FrescAvena, King Vitaman, Life, Oatso Simple, Quake, Quisp, Rice-A-Roni, and Spudz PepsiCos complaintPepsiCos everywhereall mission is to increase the value of shareh aged(a)s investment. They do this through sales growth, cost agrees and wise investment of resources. They believe their commercial success depends upon offering quality and value to their consumers and customers providing products that are safe, wholesome, economically efficient and environmentally sound and providing a fair re crease to their investors while adhering to the highest standards of integrity. A customer while purchasinga bottle of Pepsi will consider product quality, price and avail capacity of the product. Thus, Pepsi cerebratees its competitive strategy as to producing sufficient variety, reasonable prices, and the availability of th e product.Pepsi CeoIndra Krishnamurthy Nooyi has been the chief executive of PepsiCo since 2006. During her time, healthier snacks devour been marketed and the company is striving for a net-zero impact on the environment. This focus on healthier foods and lifestyles is stop of Nooyis Performance with Purpose philosophy. In 2007, Nooyi spent $1.3 billion on healthier-alternative brands like Naked Juice, a atomic number 20 maker of soy drinks and organic juice. Today, beverage dispersion and bottling is undertaken primarily by associated companies such as The Pepsi Bottling convention and Pepsi Americas. PepsiCo is a SIC 2080 (beverage) company. PepsiCo has also recently acquired a 50% stake in U.S.- hindquartersd Sabra Dipping Company. PepsiCo also has make partnerships with several brands it does not own, in order to distribute these or market them with its own brands.Competitive and Supply Chain StrategiesIn its business, diversity and inclusion provide a competitive wages t hat drives business results. Its brands salute to an extraordinarily diverse array of customers and they are sold by an equally diverse group of retailers. It understands the needs of our consumers and customersUses diversity in our supplier base and in everything we do. Commitment to purchase from a supplier base representative of our leaseees, consumers, retail customers and comm social wholeies. Developing partnerships with minority-owned and women-owned suppliers helps us build the world-class supplier base we need. Creates mutually skilful relationships that expand PepsiCos sphere of activity. It helps build community infrastructure by providing employment, dressing, role models, buying from other minority and women-owned business and sup mannering community organizationsFigureThus the major sustainable advantages that give PepsiCo a competitive edge as they operate in the global marketplace1. Big, muscular brands,2. Proven ability to innovate and create differentiated prod ucts and3. respectable go-to-market systems.PepsiCos Supply Chain ManagementDifficulties without Just-in-TimeWhen an operation of the company was not just-in-time based, the remove or achievement planner strived to optimize production-oriented goals and objectives such as equipment manipulation, labour efficiency, throughput and uptime. Optimizing these goals pragmatically leads to run large batch sizes that are dependent on the availability of raw materials. This optimizes the equipment and labour utilization but the production planners and managers had not been looking at the expense of the bigger picture. The sourcing or purchasing managers strived towards cut down companys spending overall. This manager consolidated suppliers offering products or materials at the lowest per unit costs through buying in volume. They even got the shipping and freight costs included in the purchase price, which led to the increase in the price of the commodity.Purchasing managers foc apply o n getting the vanquish price, not putting into consideration the supplier performance and reliability. The logistics/transportation manager was tacked with getting raw materials in and the finished goods out of the production process and seek to optimize the transportation and distributing ne twork. This manager focused on the lowest cost and reliability of the logistics or transportation solutions. But lowest cost could only be attained if the purchasing team negotiates a delivered cost package deal with the supplier and the supplier is accountable of the reliability and performance of the attack aircraft carriers or transporters. Improvement with using Just-In-Time (JIT)When it comes to delivering high cost and perishable products to manufacturing sites, just-in-time (JIT) cadaver one of the most cost-effective supply chain solutions. In JIT process, on time auction pitch is an absolute necessity. Just-in-Time (JIT) is a philosophy that defines the manner in which a manufactu ring system should be managed. It enhances customer satisfaction in toll of availability of options, assurance ofquality, prompt delivery times, and value of money. The Pepsi brand and other Pepsi-Cola products accounted for nearly one-third of the total soft drink sales in the United States. In order to stop up that PepsiCos concentrates reaches bottlers as needed during the production had to reach them JIT, they partnered with 3PL provider Penske Logistics to manage its transportation. Penske also provides warehouse management for two Pepsi dissemination centers in North America. I2 TransportationI2 Transportation is a part of end to end solution for planning, execution, and management of the entire transportation cycle. It is designed to enable an organization to utilize and manage an entire transportation network, as well as rationalise cost while improving transport performance. I2 transportation is designed to employ sophisticated optimization and data techniques to define and evaluate alternative transportation strategies. It is also designed to provide countrywide data management, analytics, and reporting of key transportation cost and service trade-offs. ImplementationPepsiCo set two objectives for transportation management. One was to achieve an on-time delivery rate at 99.1% and another was to reduce transportation costs.It sceptred with optimized processes and applied science that enable the team to perform at the highest possible level. With the application of new technology that provides greater supply chain visibility, better organized data, and access to higher level of real time or near real time information, even the best team can improve their performance. In 2000, Penske born-a clear Pepsis transportation management technology from propriety software to i2 transportation optimization solution. i2 transportation curriculum was enhanced with the addition of interface between the two companies. In addition, Penskes partnership with Bu siness objects provided comprehensive supply chain data from its data warehouse, analysis and management applications. Penskes with use of i2 transportation could cut of meat performance at every stage in the process which change magnitude flexibility and provided greater control over the transportation operation.This increase in visibility made it easier to keep track of shipments, revise routes and schedules to contain unforeseen changes and implement alternative plans to counter delays. By Penskes putting a solution in place to track andmeasure every shipment, Pepsi has been able to provide an on-time delivery performance of well over 99 share. Pepsis transportation is consolidated to a central location to reduce costs. Penske also provided a nationwide carrier rate re-negotiation and service assessment which improved cost structure and achieve on-time delivery goal. With this centralization, allows negotiation in a large get over to secure the best rates and services. Furth er more(prenominal), Pepsis orders are received electronically and optimized to ensure lowest transportation cost. Advanced technology is deployed to select the lowest cost carrier, find the best routes and consolidate shipments. Optimal load configuration ensures maximization of each truckload (2003). In summary, PepsiCo used the JIT process to its supply chain management. To make this possible, Pepsi partners with Penske that has provide them with i2 transportation optimization solutions which has satisfies their consumer with the on-time delivery and with the expediency to the company for it has also reduce transportation cost.I2 Supply Chain visibilityWith shorter lifecycles and lead timesto customers demanding faster results and more responsive service. Globalization and outsourcing have added to the complexity, resulting in more diversified supply chains. The number of supply chain partners, as well as the amount of geographic dispersion, has increased dramatically as a resul t. To ensure that their order-to-delivery performance is not impacted, companies need to have greater coordination and visibility into the material flow across the supply chain.Increase Global VisibilityWith Companies have access to global visibility into all of their critical supply chain activities and partnerships. It allows organizations to respond more quickly and effectively to a wide range of unplanned and potentially disruptive supply and demand events. Supply-related events can include production bottlenecks, fulfillment delays such as port strikes and customs delays, and supplier shortages. Demand-side events might include customer orders that are greater than forecasts or changes to orders that have already been placed. I2 Supply Chain Visibility is designed to manage these events, assess their impact, and orchestrate a rapid and practical resolution while providing a unified view of the supply chain. The solutioncan also turn back packaged business process packs for rep lenishment, fulfilment, and manufacturing, and these packages can be configured to meet customer-specific requirements. i2 Supply Chain Visibility also enables companies to close the loop between traditional planning and execution processes. It enables better understanding of orders, inventory, and logistics data.Powerful FunctionalityThis solution incorporates pre-built workflows that integrate data across order management, warehouse management, logistics, and inventory applications for the flow of both domestic help and international goods. A series of predefined, extensible events and exceptions second each workflow and a visual studio apartment allows workflows and events to be extended, configured, and customized to meet specific enterprise requirements.i2 Supply Chain Visibility delivers a robust technology that is scalable and extensible, and that operates smoothly in a distributed computing environment.Extensive CapabilitiesInbound and outbound tracking of order, inventory , and logistics flows domestic help and international flows that track multi-leg and multi-modal shipments Visibility into exceptions and events across orders, inventory, and shipmentsRole-based views for buyers, suppliers, analysts, and 3PL vendorsHigh degree of permissibility and privacy controlsTrack-and-trace inventory across fivefold locationsConfigurable event detection mechanism and customizable event management workflowsEvent chaining such as linking of related events, canvass trails, context-based problem prioritization and extensive notification options including e-mail, e-mail digest, pagers, and cell phonesCalendars, internationalization (i18n), and multi-time zone support enabled Integration to underlie applications for intelligent resolution and to prevent event recurrenceRoot-cause, event trend, and performance analysis capabilities event depository library with over 100+ out-of-box events supportedFast, web-based supplier enablement and transaction supportBenefits Exception-based managementEnd-to-end supply chain visibility and event management toolsCustomer-specific solutions for replenishment, fulfillment, and manufacturingThe ability to forecast and respond to supply/demand eventsThe option to move from calendar-based to event-driven planning and re-planning.Increased employee productivity Reduced process, personnel, and expediting costsImproved customer, supplier, and partner communications.Real-time decision supportE-solution by Hewlett Packard (HP)PepsiCo signed a deal with Hewlett Packard in 2006 to help improve its supply chain management and increase overall efficiency. The seven year deal involved the overhaul of current IT solutions with PepsiCo and focused on updating server environments as well as ensuring a new infrastructure which benefitted operations and increased overall cost-saving. In particular, HP introduced a number of new solutions which helped to encourage stronger customer relationship management and supply chain man agement. PepsiCo had also opted for BT as its network provider to ensure the e-solution is fully implemented. The supply chain management solution reduced costs as well as enhanced current service provision online and via its communications networking system. By standardizing and optimizing its server environment, PepsiCo International is better flex to meet its changing business needs and in turn provide better service to customers anywhere in the world.Pepsi BottlingPepsi Bottling Group is the worlds largest manufacturer, seller and distributor of Pepsi-Cola beverages. With annual sales of nearly $11 billion, the companys fleet growing segment is non-carbonated beverages, including the number one brand of bottled water in the U.S., Aquafina, as well as Tropicana juice drinks and Lipton Ice Tea. As part of a 24/7 production operation, the companys Detroit fructify ships about 27 million cases per year. Production at the plant begins as empty bottles are unloaded from trucks via c onveyor and transported to a depalletizer. From there, theyare, rinsed, dried and sent to a filling machine (filler speeds at the plant vary based on bottle size, ranging from 350 to 1,000 bottles per minute). The bottles leave the fillers and make their way to a packaging machine, and and so to a palletizer. Each pallet is wrapped for distribution and moved to the warehouse for shipping.The challengeThe plant uses a variety of sensors to monitor bottles as they travel through the sequence of steps and to manage the flow to the private stations. Line sensors match the speed of the conveyor. The companys inventory of sensors swelled over the years to include more than 120 different varieties. Many of these included multiple styles of the same product stocked under different brands. A similar problem was developing with its drives inventory, which had grown to over 50 different part numbers. The wide variety of sensors made it progressively more complex and time-consuming to replace a amiss(p) device. despite its fast, high-performance machinery, the increasingly lengthy and more frequent downtime was beginning to impact the companys ability to meet its productivity goals.In addition, operating costs were on the rise due to the superfluous spares inventory. Because of the extensive number of sensors they had in inventory, including multiple styles and brands, simply finding the right replacement resulted in an minute of arc of downtime. A more strategic approach to maintenance was necessary, as even the smallest of delays could cost the plant thousands of dollars in lost production and overtime. Knowing that effective part management and fast, reliable equipment repair lies at the heart of efficient manufacturing, the company explored ways to get its inventory and maintenance processes under tighter control. Thats when it decided to turn to Rockwell mechanization for help.The Pepsi Bottling Groups Detriot plant reduced its number of sensors from clxxx to 46, a decrease of 66 percent, by standardizing it sensors inventory to Allen-Bradley products. This reduced downtime and inventory costs.The solutionThe first task undertaken by Rockwell Automation was to hold an Installed house Evaluation a plant-wide inventory assessment to determine the exactnumber of sensors and drives the plant shortly had in stock. Next it needed to figure out what products were actually needed and which ones could be eliminated. To streamline its operation, Rockwell Automation recommended that Pepsi standardize its entire sensors inventory on Allen-Bradley products. The local distributor, McNaughton-McKay Electric Company (Mc&Mc), helped design a migration plan to help ease the cost of this inventory conversion. Although all the drives employed at the plant were Allen-Bradley brand, many were older models representing a multitude of drive families. To simplify its drives inventory and upgrade its technology at the same time, Pepsi converted all of its drives to the Allen-Bradley PowerFlex family of AC drives. A detailed cross-reference chart developed by Rockwell Automation now provides technicians with a quick and easy way to identify failed and replacement parts, as well as instauration instructions. To ensure reliable availability to spare parts, Pepsi set-up a Rockwell Automation Services Agreement that included parts management.With the agreement, Pepsi pays a fixed monthly cost for their spare parts, which are owned and managed by Rockwell Automation but stocked on-site. The agreement allows Pepsi to reduce its upfront expenses, have immediate access to spares, reduce carrying costs, and update its control technology cost-effectively. The agreement also includes an in-service stock warrant, so the parts dont go out of warranty until they are actually used for the warranty period. To help the company better utilize its internal resources and reduce costly troubleshooting delays, the Rockwell Automation Services Agreement i ncluded TechConnect Support. This remote support service provides the plant with 24/7 access to Rockwell Automation technical specialists. When a problem occurs, Pepsi technicians can call for immediate troubleshooting assist to resolve it as quickly as possible. To help facilitate problem resolution, Rockwell Automation technical specialists can also perform remote system diagnostics through an Allen-Bradley modem installed at the Pepsi facility. This helped Pepsi minimize risk and step-down long term costs.The resultsLeveraging Rockwell Automation Services & Support has proved to be a injure decision for Pepsi Bottling Group. The improved inventory and parts management capabilities helped reduce downtime and inventory costs, andstandardizing on Allen-Bradley products eased training requirements and minimized the technology learning curve. These benefits have ultimately enhanced productivity by 8 percent and reduced the overtime required to fill orders. In addition, the plant wa s able to reduce the number of sensors it uses from 180 to 46, a decrease of 66 percent. Likewise, it was able to reduce the number of drive styles from several hundred to 14. package as a tool for Supply chain managementGS 1 standards (bar codes)RFID tags for real-time stock replenishments technical Security offeringsCounterfeit & pilferageOnline supply chain visibility across the chainPack safety for the consumerPepsi-Cola protected $44 million by switching from corrugated to reusable plastic shipping containers for one l and 20-ounce bottles, conserving 196million pounds of corrugated material.Palletization cost vs. value creatorKey supply chain cost optimizer through an coordinated supply chain approach Drive standards pallets/trucks Pallet pooling servicesPalletization RoadmapPepsiCos Frito Lay Supply chainFrito-Lay is the snack food division of PepsiCo and the largest supplier of potato and corn chips in the world, currently holding 40% of the market share globally, and selling its products in 120 countries.StrengthFrito-Lay is succeeding against a multitude of competitors in a fierce, yet slow-growth industry, selling approximately 4.5 billion packages of snacks per year. In order to achieve this, the company has versed how to masterfully create, innovate and manage all aspects of its supply chainusing high-tech IT systems that allow it greater control over its production processes and distribution network.Supply chain in USASupplier Base Frito-Lays supplier network for potato chip production has fewer than 100 individual(a) suppliers. scheme UsedSeveral years ago, Frito-Lay approached its potato suppliers to seek those farmers willing to concentrate on cultivating a limited number of potato varieties, with a focus on producing the most appealing taste and quality potato chip for the consumer. Frito-Lay then offered these farmers long-term contracts, which made it easier for the farmers to get financing and for Frito-Lay to achieve more efficien t, profitable economies of scale in other areas of the value chain. It is noteworthy to mention that steps like these that insure a perpetual supply of raw material are important to a company who purchases 2.3 billion pounds of potatoes and 775 million pounds of corn annually.From supplier to retailerFrito-Lay traditionally relied upon its in-house fleet of trucks to transport products from its plants to its 1,900 warehouses or 200 distribution centers. However, as the company expanded, operations managers realized that it was not economical to pretend every product at every plant, and and so began specializing at particular locations. On the other hand, logistics became increasingly difficult and distances grew longer, and thus, Frito-Lay learned to exploit the benefits of truck carrier services, employing Menlo Logistics to handle route planning. Menlo was able to reduce the carrier base by 50% and negotiate nation-wide discounts with other carriers.RetailersThe last stop invol ved is the 400,000 stores across the nation that carries Frito-Lays snack food products. The company utilizes their own technological systems to show stores how reallocating shelf space, for example, can nominate larger profits. Retailers are also provided with Frito-Lays Profit-Vision course of instruction, which allows retailers to analyze their sales and compare it to national performance statistics. At the same time, Frito-Lay benefits from the program because it convinces retailers to allocate more shelf-space to their products.Strengths of IT corporationTracks the logistical movement of products throughout the supply chain, from acquiring the raw materials to final delivery, by utilizing its 848 tractors, 2,251 trailers, and a fleet of thousands of local computer-equipped delivery trucks. Empowers its regional managers with access to vast amounts of information on their databases that can be used to effectively guide them in their distribution decisions. It is able to correc tly assess demands across all of its products due to the availability of point-of-sale data and an impeccable IT system, giving planners the ability to discern consumer trends and appropriately congeal production plans. Its managers can be proficient in determining levels of inbound supplies, raw materials, the allocation of the companys production capacity, and logistical details for truck routing. The companys ability to target local demand patterns with effective promotion and delivery systems results in continuously optimizing profit margins and reducing inventory and gratuitous costs.Competitive advantagesThe company tries to captivate its customers by developing extensive databases that record who their customers are and exactly what they want. They focus on being the most reliable, quality-driven suppliers who provide services through the retail channel by manner of collecting as much information along the way and utilizing it to address their weaknesses and capitalize on their strengths. Despite only delivering potato and corn chips, relies on its ability to add unparalleled value in its distribution channel. Its customers know that when they do business with Frito-Lays, they arent simply buying a product to shelve in their stores, but incorporating an advanced information system with hopes of increasing sales and profits.Supply chain in IndiaHorticulture produce in India is largely marketed through traditional channels. A typical marketing chain for horticultural produce consists of several doers as shown in FigurePepsiCo is one of the pioneers of contract farming in India since 2001 Their experience in contract farming has covered many crops potato, basmatirice, tomato, chili, peanut, chromatics and more recently sea weed. PepsiCos operations started in India started in the region of Punjab in collaboration with state government. PepsiCo Indias project with the Punjab Agro Industries Corporation and Punjab Agriculture University remains one of the most ambitious contracts farming projects in the country.Pepsi Tropicana Supply ChainBackgroundOf the four sensation Distribution Centres (DC) in the U.S. the Jersey City, N.J. DC is responsible for the supply of Tropicana juices in all states in the northeastward U.S., and all Canadian provinces. Jersey City houses a unit load capacity Automated storage and Retrieval System (ASRS) that is fully integrated into an Automated Warehouse System (AWS). The center handles chilled premium orange juices, and blended juices from concentrate as well as shelf stable juice products from either Florida or local co-packers. Products vary according to package size, and juice type and style, giving rise to approximately 200 Stock Keeping Units (SKU), each facing random demand from customers. Juices arrive already palletized and variously pre-packaged, and are unloaded according to demand, and moved into the ASRS area.The Jersey City Distribution Center (DC) of Tropicana is responsible for th e supply of Tropicana juices in all states in the Northeast U.S., and all Canadian provinces. Premium orange juice from Florida represents approximately 65% of the shipments, and has an approximate shelf life of 65 days. The Jersey City DC receives five Tropicana Unit trains from the production facility in Florida hebdomadary. Each train has approximately 45 refrigerated cars. Juices arrive already palletized and pre-packaged in paperboard containers and plastic and glass bottles. Two types of unloading procedures are currently in practice cross-docking and warehousing. subdue docking normally is used for customers receiving a single product types or transfers to a smaller distribution center in Whitestone, NY. Each train usually contains 8 to 10 railcars that can accommodate cross-dock delivery.Problemsthither are three major problem areas related to the current practices in Tropicana.1. Ordering policy of the individual retailers. At the moment, Tropicana manages the inventory or ders for about 10% 20% of the retailers. This process is called CRP or continuous replenishment program. The Tropicana customer service department administers the ordering of those individual customers. From the supply chain perspective, this is mutually beneficial for both the customers and the warehouse. The advantage of the warehouse is that it is able to centralize the demand information of individual stores in its replenishment decisions of juices shipped from Florida to Jersey City. The retailers benefit from in time delivery and less stock out cost. Individual stores contribute the other 80% 90% of the orders, which are not under Tropicanas control. This is subject to random variation and hence uncertainties of demand on the warehouse. One approach would be to create an incentive for the customers to entrust their ordering function to Tropicana. This is the so-called supplier-retailer coordination problem. A cautiously designed coordinated system will benefit each and ever y player in the supply chain network. This may require the design of contracts or cost sharing agreements with the customers.2. aboriginal ordering of juices that are shipped to the distribution center. Currently there are five trains of juices scheduled to arrive weekly from Florida. The company never ships partially filled trains from Florida. The Jersey City distribution center sometimes builds up inventory of certain classes of juices that are close to their expiration date, and the company has to get rid of them either at a very low price with sales promotion or donate them to charity. A carefully designed and sophisticated coordination of ordering policies will reduce the chances for these problems and result in savings. At the same time it will increase the fill rate because the additional capacity gained from more reasonable ordering can be used for ordering more juices of the type that cause trucks to wait in the yard.3. Combining marketing strategies with inventory levels and other factors.Marketing strategies such as sales incentives can influence demand. Foreseeing an inventory buildup problem, the company can use marketing (and mainly pricing) as a tool to either increase demand (when certain items build up) or reduce demand (when insufficient inventory is available).Solution1. Tropicana, a unit of PepsiCo, implemented i2 Supply Chain Strategist to model manufacturing logistics operations to include co-packer operations.2. The model involved over 30 manufacturing and distribution facilities and the seasonal demand of over 20 product types. 3. Tropicana used i2 Supply Chain Strategist to execute hundreds of scenarios and sensitivities, producing data that provided insights into areas where the company could rationalize system capacity at manufacturing facilities and increase efficiencies within existing distribution and logistics systems.Limitations of Pepsi Supply Chain over Coke1. PepsiCo has duplicate distribution systems for its beverages. Coc a-Cola has for the most part maintained distribution of its entire beverage line-up through its bottlers.2. Pepsi bottling system is more fragmented than Coca-Colas3. In a consolidated system negotiations involve fewer players and therefore take less time to gain agreement, which may be why the Pepsi system has lagged in system efficiency efforts. PepsiCo and its bottlers have established a purchasing cooperative to gain purchasing power in buying raw materials.4. While PepsiCo has been engage international beverage acquisitions, those investments will take time to produce significant operating income5. PepsiCo consolidation puts blackjack on the independent system bottlers to more readily consider agreements for warehouse distribution.